Works that cannot be retrieved by readers are cited in the text as personal communications. Personal communications include emails, personal interviews, phone conversations, text messages, online chats, live speeches, class lecture notes, letters, etc.
You do not include personal communications in your reference list; instead, parenthetically cite the communicator's name, the phrase "personal communication," and the date of the communication in your main text only.
Sometimes you may find interviews with people in journals, magazines, newspapers, websites etc. In those cases, don't use the "Personal Communications" category. Instead cite them according to how you found the information. For example, an interview in a magazine would be cited like a magazine article. That way anyone reading your assignment could easily track down the interview for themselves by finding the same magazine article.
Parenthetically cite the communicator's name, the phrase "personal communication," and the date of the communication in your main text.
Note: Personal communications are cited within the text of your assignment, but do not get an entry in the Reference list. Put the citation right after a quote or paraphrased content.
"Infections are often contracted while patients are recovering in the hospital" (J. D. Black, personal communication, May 30, 2013).
J.D. Black explained that "infections are often contracted while patients are recovering in the hospital" (personal communication, May 30, 2013).
Note: If the name of the communicator is mentioned in the sentence leading into the quote or paraphrased content, you do not need to repeat it in the in-text citation.