Archive of New National Bureau of Economic Research Working Papers and Books. Founded in 1920, the NBER is a private, nonprofit, nonpartisan research organization that conducts and disseminates unbiased economic research.
Not exactly working papers, but reports created under commission (mostly for government agencies) by the RAND Corporation. Many relate to economics, policy, and related subjects. Most are free online, but the library also has some of them in paper.
Another working paper gateway, arranged by the category codes used in the Journal of Economic Literature. No longer being updated, this is the archive of what was formerly at EconWPA.wustl.edu, formerly maintained by Bob Parks. Now archived at the University of Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany.
IDEAS is the largest bibliographic database dedicated to Economics and available freely on the Internet. Based on RePEc, it indexes over 3,200,000 items of research, including over 3,000,000 that can be downloaded in full text. Much of the recent content can also be found in EconLit.